Three types of EV batteries
Two chemistries are most common today in EV batteries: lithium iron phosphate and nickel-rich. Sodium ion batteries may emerge as a lithium-free competitor in coming years.
Li
Lithium
Fe
Iron
P
Phosphourus
O
Oxygen
Lithium Iron Phosphate
1
A cheaper formulation that is optimum for shorter EV trips and for medium and heavy-duty vehicles. This is because it has low energy density, and because it’s also good for regular recharging.
2
Widely used in China. Both Tesla and VW have announced that it will be the go-to for standard-range EVs in US and European markets.
Notes and sources:
Source: International Energy Agency, U.S. Energy Information Administration.